diff --git "a/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/2026.5.7 vlan\345\215\225\350\207\202\350\267\257\347\224\261.md" "b/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/2026.5.7 vlan\345\215\225\350\207\202\350\267\257\347\224\261.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd0009d4f29edc6b933f77337d6eb3bac09f9093 --- /dev/null +++ "b/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/2026.5.7 vlan\345\215\225\350\207\202\350\267\257\347\224\261.md" @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ +# 作业 + +```bash +Switch>en +Switch#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Switch(config)#vlan 10 +Switch(config-vlan)#name 10 +Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20 +Switch(config-vlan)#name 20 +Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 30 +Switch(config-vlan)#name 30 +Switch(config-vlan)#ex +Switch(config)#int +Switch(config)#interface f0/1 +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode acc +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#int +Switch(config)#interface f0/2 +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode acce +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#int +Switch(config)#interface f0/3 +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access +Switch(config-if)#sw +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#ex +Switch# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console + +Switch#show vlan br +Switch#show vlan brief + +VLAN Name Status Ports +---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- +1 default active Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7 + Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11 + Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15 + Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19 + Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23 + Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2 +10 10 active Fa0/1 +20 20 active Fa0/2 +30 30 active Fa0/3 +1002 fddi-default active +1003 token-ring-default active +1004 fddinet-default active +1005 trnet-default active +Switch# +``` + +![image-20260507195646240](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260507195646240.png) + + + +![image-20260507195712004](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260507195712004.png) + + + +![image-20260507195733803](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260507195733803.png) + + + +![image-20260507195752164](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260507195752164.png) + +```bash +Router>en +Router#conf t +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#interface g0/1.1 +Router(config-subif)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.1, changed state to up +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.1, changed state to up +Router(config-subif)#en +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-subif)#ex +Router(config)#interface g0/1.2 +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.2, changed state to up +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.2, changed state to up +Router(config-subif)#en +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q +% Incomplete command. +Router(config-subif)#en +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-subif)#ex +Router(config)#interface g0/1.3 +Router(config-subif)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.3, changed state to up +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.3, changed state to up +Router(config-subif)#en +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation do +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config)#ex +Router# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console +Router#show ip route +​ 192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.1 +L 192.168.10.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.1 +​ 192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.2 +L 192.168.20.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.2 +​ 192.168.30.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.3 +L 192.168.30.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.3 +``` + + + +# 笔记 + +## 四、实验拓扑： + +![image-20260507113113928](https://gitee.com/onesheet/picture-warehouse/raw/master/pic/upgit_20260507_1778124674.png) + + + +实验设备：1941路由器1台、2960交换机1台、pc3台 + +## 一 设置ip + +### 1.PC设置 + +![image-20260507103214680](https://gitee.com/onesheet/picture-warehouse/raw/master/pic/upgit_20260507_1778121137.png) + +``` +如按拓扑图 +``` + +### 2.二层交换机配置 + +步骤1：划分三个VLAN + +Switch>en +Switch#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +# 创建VLAN 10 20 30 +Switch(config)#vlan 10 +Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20 +Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 30 +Switch(config-vlan)#end +Switch# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console +# 查看VLAN的配置情况 +Switch#show vlan brief + +VLAN Name Status Ports +---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- +```bash +1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4 + Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8 + Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12 + Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16 + Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20 + Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24 + Gig0/1, Gig0/2 +10 VLAN0010 active +20 VLAN0020 active +30 VLAN0030 active +1002 fddi-default active +1003 token-ring-default active +1004 fddinet-default active +1005 trnet-default active +Switch# +``` + +```bash +--步骤2 ，将连接PC的端口划入对应的VLAN中 + +Switch#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Switch(config)#inter f0/1 //选择F0/1端口 +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access //设置端口模式为Access +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 //将该端口划入VLAN10 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#interface f0/2 +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#interface f0/3 +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access +Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30 +Switch(config-if)#ex +Switch(config)#interface g0/1 +Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk //设置端口模式为TRUNK模式 +Switch(config-if)#end +Switch# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console + +# 再次查看VLAN信息 +Switch#show vlan brief + +VLAN Name Status Ports +---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- +1 default active Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7 + Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11 + Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15 + Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19 + Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23 + Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2 +10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/1 +20 VLAN0020 active Fa0/2 +30 VLAN0030 active Fa0/3 +1002 fddi-default active +1003 token-ring-default active +1004 fddinet-default active +1005 trnet-default active +Switch# +``` + +### 3.路由器配置 + +步骤1： + +```bash +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#interface g0/1 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown // 开启端口 + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#interface g0/1.1 //进入路由器第0模块第1端口第1子接口 +Router(config-subif)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.1, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.1, changed state to up + +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10 //封装协议为dot1Q允许通过的VLAN为10 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 // 给这个子接口配置IP和子网掩码，用来当VLAN10的网关 +Router(config-subif)#exit +Router(config)#interface g0/1.2 //进入路由器第0模块第1端口第2子接口 +Router(config-subif)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.2, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.2, changed state to up + +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20 //封装协议为dot1Q允许通过的VLAN为20 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-subif)#exit +Router(config)#interface g0/1.3 //进入路由器第0模块第1端口第3子接口 +Router(config-subif)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.3, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/1.3, changed state to up + +Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 30 //封装协议为dot1Q允许通过的VLAN为30 +Router(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-subif)#end // end 直接返回特权模式。why? 查询一般在特权模式 +Router# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console + +# 查看路由配置（路由表信息） +Router#show ip route +Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP + D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area + N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 + E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP + i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area + * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR + P - periodic downloaded static route + +Gateway of last resort is not set + + 192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.1 +L 192.168.10.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.1 + 192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.2 +L 192.168.20.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.2 + 192.168.30.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks +C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.3 +L 192.168.30.254/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/1.3 +``` + +![image-20260507112545755](https://gitee.com/onesheet/picture-warehouse/raw/master/pic/upgit_20260507_1778124346.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git "a/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/20260509 \351\235\231\346\200\201\350\267\257\347\224\261\347\232\204\351\205\215\347\275\256.md" "b/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/20260509 \351\235\231\346\200\201\350\267\257\347\224\261\347\232\204\351\205\215\347\275\256.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f11496218fb3745c2d49eddf240176ce57c58833 --- /dev/null +++ "b/39 \351\273\204\350\213\245\345\271\263/20260509 \351\235\231\346\200\201\350\267\257\347\224\261\347\232\204\351\205\215\347\275\256.md" @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ +# 作业 + + + +```bash +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#inter f0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#interface serial 2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip address 10.254.10.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router#show r + +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#inter f0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#interface serial 2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip address 10.254.10.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router#show r + +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.254.10.2 +Router#show ip route + +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.254.10.1 +Router#show ip route +``` + + + + + +![image-20260510150806131](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510150806131.png) + +![image-20260510150828994](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510150828994.png) + +![image-20260510150851569](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510150851569.png) + +![image-20260510150913387](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510150913387.png) + +### # 作业2 + +![image-20260510153631638](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153631638.png) + +![image-20260510153702572](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153702572.png) + +![image-20260510153722272](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153722272.png) + +![image-20260510153807852](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153807852.png) + +![image-20260510153837403](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153837403.png) + +![image-20260510153904864](C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20260510153904864.png) + +```bash +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#int +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface se2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to down +Router(config-if)#clo +Router(config-if)#clock ra +Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#ip rou +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.254.1.1 +Router(config)#ex +Router# +%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console + +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface se2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#ex +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up + +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface se3/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 +% 192.168.10.0 overlaps with Serial2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 +% Incomplete command. +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 +% 192.168.10.0 overlaps with Serial2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255 + ^ +% Invalid input detected at '^' marker. + +Router(config-if)#ip addd +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial3/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)# +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial3/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#ex +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#ip rou +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 20.254.2.1 +Router(config)# + + +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface f0/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +Router(config-if)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up + +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface se2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown + +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to down +Router(config-if)#clo +Router(config-if)#clock ra +Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 +This command applies only to DCE interfaces +Router(config-if)#ex +Router(config)# +%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up + +%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up + +Router(config)#int +Router(config)#interface se2/0 +Router(config-if)#ip add +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 +Router(config-if)#no sh +Router(config-if)#no shutdown +Router(config-if)#ex +Router>en +Router#conf t +Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. +Router(config)#ip rou +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 30.254.3.1 +Router(config)# +``` + +# 笔记 + +## 实验步骤： + +- 新建Cisco PT 拓扑图 +- 为各PC设置IP及网关地址，其中网关地址分别为路由器接口的IP地址 +- 接着为Router0和Router1上的以太网接口配置IP地址 +- 在路由器之间的串行接口上配置IP地址，且IP地址必须在同一子网内 +- 在Router0的串口上设置时钟频率（本次实验Router0为DCE类型，如图Router0一端有时钟图标） +- 査看路由器上的直连路由 +- 在Router0和Router1上配置静态路由 +- 查看路由器上的静态路由 +- 验证不同局域网PC之间的相互通信 + +```bash +PC设置 +192.168.1.1 //PC0 +192.168.1.2 //PC1 +//子网掩码和网关 +255.255.255.0 +192.168.1.254 + +``` + +```bash +PC设置 +192.168.2.1 //PC2 +//子网掩码和网关 +255.255.255.0 +192.168.2.254 + +``` + +```bash +Router0 基本配置 +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#inter f0/0 //进入第0模块第0端口（快速以太网接口） +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 //配置f0/0接口IP +Router(config-if)#no shutdown //开启端口 +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#interface serial 2/0 //进入第2模块第0端口（串行接口） +Router(config-if)#ip address 10.254.10.1 255.255.255.0 //配置s2/0接口IP +Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 //必须配置时钟才可通信 +Router(config-if)#no shutdown //开启端口 +Router(config)#^Z +Router#show r + +``` + +```bash +Router1 基本配置 +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#inter f0/0 //进入第0模块第0端口（快速以太网接口） +Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0 //配置f0/0接口IP +Router(config-if)#no shutdown //开启端口 +Router(config-if)#exit +Router(config)#interface serial 2/0 //进入第2模块第0端口（串行接口） +Router(config-if)#ip address 10.254.10.2 255.255.255.0 //配置s2/0接口IP +Router(config-if)#no shutdown //开启端口 +Router(config)#^Z +Router#show r + +``` + +```bash +Router0 静态路由配置 +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.254.10.2 +# ip route 目标网络号 目标子网掩码 下一跳地址 +# 命令解读:当目的网络地址为192.168.2.0时，转发到端口地址为10.254.10.2处路由 +Router(config)#^Z +Router#show ip route + +``` + +```bash +Router1 静态路由配置 +Router>enable +Router#conf t +Router(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.254.10.1 +(命令解读:参考以上) +Router(config)#^Z +Router#show ip route + +``` + +```bash +# 链路测试 +PC0和PC1(命令提示符CMD下) +ping 192.168.1.254 //链路通 +ping 10.254.10.2 //链路通 +ping 192.168.2.1 //链路通 +PC2(命令提示符CMD下) +ping 10.254.10.254 //链路通 +ping 192.168.1.2 //链路通 + +``` + +![image-20260509154856750](https://gitee.com/onesheet/picture-warehouse/raw/master/pic/upgit_20260509_1778312937.png) +